THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SMOKING AND DENTAL AND MOUTH PROBLEMS IN MALE STUDENTS IN KOTAMOBAGU CITY STATE UNIVERSITY OF GORONTALO
Keywords:
Dental Health, Oral Health, Problem, Smoking, OHRQOL.Abstract
Dental and oral health is an integral part of overall health, as oral conditions can influence general well-being. Smoking is a significant factor affecting oral health. This study aimed to examine the relationship between smoking duration, frequency, and cigarette type with dental and oral problems among male students in Kotamobagu City at Gorontalo State University. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using total sampling. The sample consisted of 70 male students. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed significant associations between smoking duration (p=0.004), smoking frequency (p=0.011), and cigarette type (p=0.020) with dental and oral problems. The study concludes that smoking habits—including duration, frequency, and type of cigarette—are significantly related to oral health issues. It is recommended that the public reduce smoking and increase awareness of the importance of maintaining dental and oral health.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Octavia Safitri Djangkarang, Sunarto Kadir, Laksmyn Kadir (Author)
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