HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS IN THE QUR’AN: THE PROCESS OF RAINFALL IN QS. AR-RUM:48 AND QS. AN-NUR:43
Keywords:
Hydrology, Rainfall, Qur’an, Water CycleAbstract
This study examines the hydrological aspects presented in the Qur’an by analyzing the process of rainfall as described in Surah Ar-Rūm (30:48) and Surah An-Nūr (24:43). Both verses outline atmospheric stages that include the movement of wind, the formation and accumulation of clouds, and the emergence of precipitation. Through a thematic analysis supported by classical and contemporary tafsīr, this research reveals that the Qur’anic depiction of rainfall aligns with modern hydrological concepts, particularly evaporation, condensation, and precipitation cycles. Furthermore, Surah An-Nūr (24:43) provides a more detailed explanation of cloud structures, hail formation, and lightning phenomena as part of atmospheric dynamics. These findings indicate that the Qur’an not only provides scientific insights into the water cycle but also highlights theological, ethical, and ecological messages regarding the necessity of maintaining environmental balance. The relevance between Qur’anic descriptions and scientific understanding underscores water as an essential element for sustaining life and as a divine trust that must be responsibly managed.
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