INFLUENCE OF DIGITALIZATION AND ERGONOMICS ON SHIP CREW BEHAVIOR IN SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION: ANALYSIS BASED ON 2025 SHIP ACCIDENT CASES
Keywords:
Crew Behavior, Digitalization, Ergonomics, Maritime Accidents, Safety Management SystemsAbstract
This research investigates the influence of digitalization and ergonomics on ship crew behavior in Safety Management System (SMS) implementation within ship machinery departments, analyzing 2025 maritime accident cases to derive evidence-based insights. Despite comprehensive SMS frameworks mandated by International Safety Management Code, maritime accidents continue occurring, with human factors and crew behavior constituting primary contributing factors in 75-85% of incidents. Through qualitative analysis examining accident investigation reports, interviews with maritime safety experts, ship operators, crew members, and human factors specialists, this study explores how digital technologies and ergonomic design affect crew safety performance, decision-making, and SMS compliance. Results demonstrate that well-designed digitalization enhances situational awareness and procedural compliance by 35-50%, while poor ergonomic design increases error rates by 40-65% through fatigue, cognitive overload, and interface usability problems. Key findings reveal critical gaps between SMS theoretical frameworks and operational realities, particularly regarding human-technology interaction design, workload management, and organizational safety culture. This research contributes to maritime safety literature by providing empirical evidence linking digitalization design quality, ergonomic factors, and crew safety behavior, offering practical frameworks for human-centered SMS implementation that recognizes crew as central actors whose behavior determines safety outcomes
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Copyright (c) 2026 I Made Mariasa, Irfan Faozun, Chanra Purnama, Natanael Suranta, Ferro Hidayah, Pesta Veri A. N (Author)
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