MEDIA REPRESENTATION OF NATIONALISM IN GIANT TIFO ACTIONS BY INDONESIAN FOOTBALL SUPPORTERS
Keywords:
Nationalism, Giant Tifo, Football Supporters, Online News, Media FramingAbstract
This study aims to analyze the representation of nationalism in giant tifo actions displayed by supporter groups Ultras Garuda and La Grande Indonesia through online media coverage. Giant tifo actions laden with national symbols such as Garuda Pancasila, the Red and White flag, and nationalist messages have become an interesting phenomenon in the context of Indonesian football supporter culture. This study employs a qualitative approach with content analysis methods on 24 online news articles from Kompas.com, CNNIndonesia.com, and Bola.net published during the 2023-2025 period. The results show that online media construct representations of nationalism through three dominant frames: positive nationalism frame (66.7%), creativity and supporter culture frame (50%), and critical frame (20.8%). The most dominant national symbols are Garuda Pancasila (75%), the Red and White flag (91.7%), and nationalist slogans (83.3%). Media frame tifo actions as manifestations of contemporary nationalism expressed through popular culture, as well as arenas for negotiating the nation's collective identity. This research enriches understanding of how nationalism is articulated in non-formal public spaces and the role of media in constructing national meanings
Downloads
References
Anderson, B. (2006). Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism (Rev. ed.). Verso.
Aulia, D. (2024). Semangat suporter timnas Indonesia: Wujud nyata nasionalisme di arena sepak bola. Jurnal Komunikasi Olahraga, 12(3), 45–62.
Barthes, R. (1972). Mythologies (A. Lavers, Trans.). Hill and Wang.
Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. (1966). The social construction of reality: A treatise in the sociology of knowledge. Anchor Books.
Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The location of culture. Routledge.
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Harvard University Press.
Eco, U. (1976). A theory of semiotics. Indiana University Press.
Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x
Fiske, J. (1990). Introduction to communication studies (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Gitiyarko, V. (2025, January). Gelora nasionalisme dari tribune penonton timnas Indonesia. Kompas.id. https://www.kompas.id
Hall, S. (1980). Encoding/decoding. In S. Hall, D. Hobson, A. Lowe, & P. Willis (Eds.), Culture, media, language (pp. 128–138). Hutchinson.
Hall, S. (Ed.). (1997). Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices. SAGE Publications.
Hobsbawm, E. J. (1992). Nations and nationalism since 1780: Programme, myth, reality (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Hobsbawm, E., & Ranger, T. (Eds.). (1983). The invention of tradition. Cambridge University Press.
Jibar, M. (2024). Membangkitkan nasionalisme melalui fanatisme klub sepak bola nasional: Studi pada kelompok suporter La Grande Indonesia. Jurnal Sosiologi Olahraga, 8(1), 78–95.
Kellner, D. (1995). Media culture: Cultural studies, identity and politics between the modern and the postmodern. Routledge.
Lewin, K. (1947). Frontiers in group dynamics II: Channels of group life; social planning and action research. Human Relations, 1(2), 143–153. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872674700100202
Lippmann, W. (1922). Public opinion. Harcourt, Brace and Company.
McCombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L. (1972). The agenda-setting function of mass media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176–187. https://doi.org/10.1086/267990
Muhammad, A. (2017). Representasi nasionalisme dalam iklan televisi Kacang Garuda edisi kemasan batik: Analisis semiotika Charles S. Peirce. Jurnal Komunikasi Visual, 5(2), 112–130.
Peirce, C. S. (1958). Collected papers of Charles Sanders Peirce (Vols. 1–8, C. Hartshorne, P. Weiss, & A. W. Burks, Eds.). Harvard University Press.
Ritzer, G. (2014). Sociological theory (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Sakhiyya, Z., Yannuar, N., & Anjaniputra, A. G. (2024). Lanskap linguistik protes suporter pascatragedi Kanjuruhan: Fandom sepak bola sebagai ruang solidaritas sosial. Jurnal Linguistik Terapan, 14(1), 23–41.
Smith, A. D. (1991). National identity. Penguin Books.
Tenriliweng, A. A. H., & Fridayanti, N. (2024). Media sosial sebagai katalis konflik dan kerusuhan suporter sepak bola di Indonesia. Jurnal Komunikasi Massa, 11(2), 156–173.
van Dijk, T. (2008). Discourse and power. Palgrave Macmillan.
White, D. M. (1950). The "gate keeper": A case study in the selection of news. Journalism Quarterly, 27(4), 383–390. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769905002700403
Wijaya, U. K., Santoso, B., & Prasetyo, D. (2023). Identitas, nasionalisme, dan peran suporter sepak bola terhadap ketahanan nasional Indonesia. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 29(3), 301–320.
Williams, R. (1958). Culture and society 1780–1950. Chatto & Windus.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nancy Natalia Dharmawan, Garnika Ade Sinto Raya (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
