LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CHILD PERPETRATORS OF THEFT DUE TO BRAINWASHING BY THEIR PARENTS: AN ANALYSIS OF PARENTAL CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INDONESIAN CRIMINAL LAW
Keywords:
Legal Protection, Child, Brainwashing, Criminal LiabilityAbstract
Children who commit theft do not always act freely; their conduct may result from psychological domination or brainwashing by their own parents, undermining their capacity for independent decision-making. This raises questions about the extent of a child's criminal responsibility and whether manipulative parents can themselves be held liable. This study, using a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, examines the legal protection available to such child offenders and the possibility of parental criminal liability under Indonesian law. Findings show that children who steal due to sustained parental psychological domination should be treated as victims of exploitation rather than independent offenders, entitled to protection under the best interests of the child principle within Indonesia's Juvenile Criminal Justice System. Parents who deliberately shape a child's intent to steal may be held liable under the doctrine of criminal participation, particularly as indirect perpetrators (doen pleger) or instigators (uitlokker), provided intent, psychological control, and causal links to the offense are established. The study concludes that brainwashing should be recognized as a legally relevant form of psychological domination in determining criminal liability, strengthening child protection while ensuring parental accountability
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