LANDSLIDE DISASTER MITIGATION IN DARMA DISTRICT, KUNINGAN REGENCY

Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze the levels of landslide hazard, vulnerability, capacity, and risk, and to formulate appropriate mitigation strategies in Darma District, Kuningan Regency, particularly from a spatial planning perspective. This research employed a quantitative approach with spatial analysis using a Geographic Information System (GIS), based on the guidelines of BNPB Regulation No. 2 of 2012. Parameter weighting was derived from expert questionnaires and analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The sampling technique was purposive sampling with 100 respondents, determined using the Slovin formula at a 10% margin of error. The results of the analysis showed that 28.15% (1,803.40 Ha) of the area fell into high-hazard category and 5.93% (380.12 Ha) into very high-hazard category. The vulnerability level was categorized as moderate (12 villages) and high (7 villages), while the capacity index ranged from moderate (5 villages), high (10 villages), to very high (4 villages). The risk analysis indicated that 18.76% (1,201.68 Ha) of the total area was classified as high risk and 10.51% (673.55 Ha) as very high risk. The overlay of the risk map with the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) revealed that settlement areas and conservation zones were located in high-risk zones. The recommended mitigation measures include non-structural approaches (socialization, training, disaster simulation, and spatial utilization guidance based on Minister of Public Works Regulation No. 22/PRT/M/2007) and structural approaches (installation of 56 Early Warning System points, 12 evacuation sites, 48.86 km of evacuation routes, drainage construction, retaining walls, and gabions). The conclusion confirms that Darma District faces a significantly high level of landslide risk, requiring comprehensive and integrated mitigation efforts involving all stakeholders to minimize disaster impacts